In a peer-to-peer network, the peer’s characteristics have significant heterogeneity on the processing power, storage capacity, network bandwidth, and the domain of interest etc. In the early studies, this heterogeneity was often overlooked, or just too simple and single to be considered. Synthetic utilization of these heterogeneous peers proposes a self-adaptive P2P model based on the peer’s service capabilities. In this model, the peer chooses hisorher neighbors and clusters though the service capabilities, accordingly with the network’s needs of a dynamic self-adaptive adjustment of cluster size and the connections between peers. The simulation results show that the model reduces the network topology mismatch and free rider phenomenon, effectively improving the search efficiency of network.