The research on the health management of weapon systems is a hot topic in many countries around the world. Based on the working characteristics of the new-type artillery control system, this work studies the implementation framework, key technologies, and system development of the data-driven health management system for the artillery control system. The multi-task program design and implementation based on VxWorks health management system based on embedded operating system was expounded. Focusing on data storage and real-time data visualization, the embedded database design and Tilcon-based interface engineering are designed and implemented. After actual engineering verification, the health management system has a reasonable task division, high system real-time reliability, and significantly improved the supportability of the artillery control system.