In order to study the impact of the new satellite hall on the flight connection of transit passengers, analyze the transfer tension of transit passengers, and improve the utilization efficiency of airport resources, we investigate the distribution of boarding gates. On the premise of minimizing the number of boarding gates, considering the transfer tension of transit passengers, we establish a 0-1 integer programming model for aircraft-gate distribution. In order to improve the search ability of traditional heuristic algorithms, we propose an improved simulated annealing algorithm based on beam search by combining the neighborhood construction idea of variable neighborhood search and comprehensively employing the advantages of beam search and simulated annealing algorithm. Furthermore, the algorithm is solved by Java language. The results show that compared with the tabu search algorithm, variable neighborhood search algorithm, and ant colony algorithm, the proposed algorithm has better optimization effect.