This paper describes the short-range wireless data transmission, achieved by The STM32F10XXX hardware development platform composed of the Cortex-M3 processor and a special wireless transmission chip nRF24L01. At the same time, a brief description of the STM32F microcontrollers and nRF24L01 configuration, given their circuit and the program of nRF24L01. Finally, through the actual test data, it can be used in the field of wireless intelligent home control system and others.