As an emerging technology, Blockchain has gained much attention due to its decentralization, transparency, and non-tamperability. Because the study to Blockchain is still in its early stages, there are still a number of data management issues in the application development process, such as data privacy, scalability, and latency. In this study, we propose the design patterns of Blockchain data management, namely, data privacy protection pattern, hash integrity pattern, and state channel pattern, to help developers use Blockchain for application development. All the above patterns are implemented and verified in a Blockchain-based traceability system: originChain, to show the effectiveness of the proposed patterns.